Potential application areas: Acute and Chronic Kidney disease (AKI and CKD), drug-induced nephrotoxicity, diabetic nephropathy, etc.

Nephrotoxicity or acute kidney injury is a major problem in both the preclinical and clinical setting that results in the failure of candidate compounds throughout the drug-development cycle. Sensitive methods for early detection of drug-induced nephrotoxicity and the progression of chronic kidney disease are therefore of critical importance.

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Below is a list of protein biomarkers in our menu that have demonstrated utility in identifying and characterizing kidney toxicity in the scientific literature. The products listed here may also contain biomarkers useful in kidney function and toxicity research.

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1. Alpha-1-Microglobulin 2. Alpha-2-Macroglobulin
3. Angiopoietin-related protein 3 4. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
5. Beta-2-Microglobulin 6. Calbindin
7. Clusterin 8. Complement C3
9. Complement Factor H - Related Protein 1 10. Connective Tissue Growth Factor
11. Creatine Kinase-MB 12. Creatinine
13. Cystatin-C 14. Epidermal Growth Factor
15. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 16. Erythropoietin
17. Glutathione S-Transferase alpha 18. Glutathione S-Transferase Mu 1
19. Interferon gamma Induced Protein 10 20. Interleukin-18
21. Interleukin-6 22. Kidney Injury Molecule-1
23. Microalbumin 24. Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1
25. Myoglobin 26. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin
27. Osteopontin 28. Tamm-Horsfall Urinary Glycoprotein
29. Trefoil Factor 3 30. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor