Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D)
Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is an important growth factor for in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and endothelial cell growth. It stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration and also has effects on the permeability of blood vessels. It may function in the formation of the venous and lymphatic vascular systems during embryogenesis and in the maintenance of differentiated lymphatic endothelium in adults. VEGF-D binds and activates VEGFR-2 (Flk1) and VEGFR-3 (Flt4) receptors. It is a homodimer, highly expressed in lung, heart, small intestine and fetal lung; and at lower levels in skeletal muscle, colon, and pancreas. It undergoes a complex proteolytic maturation which generates a variety of processed secreted forms with increased activity toward VEGFR-3 and VEGFR-2. VEGF-D first forms an antiparallel homodimer linked by disulfide bonds before secretion. The fully processed VEGF-D is composed mostly of two VEGF homology domains (VHDs) bound by non-covalent interactions.
Swiss-Prot Accession Number: O43915
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