Haptoglobin (Haptoglobin)
Haptoglobin is produced in the liver and secreted into the blood, where it attaches to any "free" hemoglobin; that is, hemoglobin not contained within red blood cells. Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein used for the detection of in vivo hemolysis. The primary function of haptoglobin is the irreversible binding of free oxyhemoglobin in plasma. This complex is then removed by the reticuloendothelial system. Thus, haptoglobin prevents loss of hemoglobin to urine and conserves iron. Elevated values are present in chronic and acute inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. Decreased levels can indicate liver disease, hemolytic anemia, sickle cell anemia, and genetic haptoglobinemia.
Swiss-Prot Accession Number: P00738
PublicationsAssociation of occupational exposures with ex vivo functional immune response in workers handling carbon nanotubes and nanofibers (2020) Schubauer-Berigan MK, Dahm MM, Toennis CA, Sammons DL, Eye T, Kodali V, Zeidler-Erdely PC, Erdely A Nanotoxicology
Biomarkers of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Key to Disease Diagnosis and Management (2019) Savvateeva EN, Rubina AY, Gryadunov DA BioMed Research International
A Machine-Learning Approach to Identify a Prognostic Cytokine Signature That Is Associated With Nivolumab Clearance in Patients With Advanced Melanoma. (2019) Wang R, Shao X, Zheng J, Saci A, Qian X, Pak I, Roy A, Bello A, Rizzo JI, Hosein F, Moss RA, Wind-Rotolo M, Feng Y Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Serum Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Levels and the Clinical Course of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2019) Takei N, Suzuki M, Makita H, Konno S, Shimizu K, Kumura H, Kumura H, Nishimura M International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Dendritic cell immunotherapy followed by cART interruption during HIV-1 infection induces plasma protein markers of cellular immunity and neutrophil recruitment (2018) van den Ham HJ, Cooper J, Tomasik J, Bahn S, Aerts J, Oseterhaus A, Gruters R, Andeweg A PLoS One
Synergistic Cytokine Effects as Apremilast Response Predictors in Patients With Psoriasis (2018) Garcet S, Nograles K, Correa da Rosa J, Schafer PH, Krueger JG Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Associations of 26 Circulating Inflammatory and Renal Biomarkers with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Long-term Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography (ATHEROREMO-NIRS Substudy) (2018) Anroedh SS, Akkerhuis KM, Oemrawsingh RM, Garcia-Garcia HM, Brankovic M, Regar E, van Geuns RJ, Serruys PW, Daemen J, Van Mieghem NM, Boersma E, Kardys I Current Atherosclerosis Reports
Serum Apolipoprotein E and Other Inflammatory Markers Can Identify Non-Responding Patients to a Dendritic Cell Vaccine (2018) Leeman H, Kaminska E, Green D, Bodman-Smith M, Gravett A, Bodman-Smith K, Copier J, Coulton G, Fusi A, Dalgleish AG Translational Oncology
Inflammatory proteins in nasal lavage of workers exposed to occupational agents. (2017) Castano R, Yucesoy B, Johnson VJ, Castellanos L, Cartier A Clin Exp Allergy
High false-positive rate of a putative biomarker test to aid in the diagnosis of schizophrenia (2016) Wehler CA, Preskorn, SH Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
Assessment of Urine Proteomics in Type 1 Primary Hyperoxaluria*American Journal of Nephrology (2016) Brooks ER, Hoppe B, Milliner DS, Salido E, Rim J, Krevitt LM, Olson JB, Price HE, Vural G, Langman CB American Journal of Nephrology
Variation in Serum Biomarkers with Sex and Female Hormonal Status: Implications for Clinical Tests (2016) Ramsey JM, Cooper JD, Penninx BWJH, Bahn S Scientific Reports
Phase 1 study of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 monoclonal antibody LY3022856/IMC-3C5 in patients with advanced and refractory solid tumors and advanced colorectal cancer (2016) Saif MW, Knost JA, Chiorean EG, Kambhampati SR, Yu D, Pytowski B, Qin A, Kauh JS, O'Neil BH Cancer Chemother Pharmacol
Serum biomarkers and changes in clinical/MRI evidence of golimumab-treated patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results of the randomized, placebo-controlled GO-RAISE study (2016) Inman RD, Baraliakos X, Hermann KA, Braun J, Deodhar A, Heijde D, Xu S, and Hsu B Arthritis Res Ther.
THU0223 Serum Biomarkers Associated with Changes in Asdas and MRI Following Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis with Golimumab (2015) Inman RD, Baraliakos X, Hermann KG, Braun J, Deodhar A, van der Heijde DF, Xu S, Hsu B Ann Rheum Dis
New biomarkers for primary mitral regurgitation (2015) Deroyer C, Magne J, Moonen M, Le Goff C, Dupont L, Hulin A, Radermecker M, Colige A, Cavalier E, Kolh P, Pierard L, Lancellotti P, Merville MP, Fillet M Clin Proteomics
Development of a Blood-Based Molecular Biomarker Test for Identification of Schizophrenia before Disease Onset (2015) Chan MK, Krebs MO, Cox D, Guest PC, Yolken RH, Rahmoune H, Rothermundt M, Steiner J, Leweke FM, Van Beveren NJM, Niebuhr DW, Weber NS, Cowan DN, Suarez-Pinilla P, Crespo-Facorro B, Mam-Lam-Fook C, Bourgin J, Wenstrup RJ, Kaldate RR, Cooper JD, Bahn S Translational Psychiatry
Plasma Inflammatory Factors Are Associated with Anxiety, Depression, and Cognitive Problems in Adults with and without Methamphetamine Dependence: An Exploratory Protein Array Study (2015) Huckans M, Fuller BE, Chalker ALN, Adams M, Loftis JM Frontiers in Psychiatry
Circulating acute phase proteins in relation to extent and composition of coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular outcome: results from the ATHEROREMO-IVUS study (2014) Battes LC, Akkerhuis KM, Cheng JM, Garcia-Garcia HM, Oemrawsingh RM, de Boer SPM, Reger E, van Geuns R-J, Serruys PW, Boersma E, Kardys I International Journal of Cardiology
Plasma biomarkers of depressive symptoms in older adults (2012) Arnold SE, Xie SX, Leung YY, Wang LS, Kling MA, Han X, Kim EJ, Wolk DA, Bennett DA, Chen-Plotkin A, Grossman M, Hu W, Lee VMY, Mackin RS, Trojanowski JQ, Wilson RS, Shaw LM Translational Psychiatry (2012) 2, e65;
Neuroinflammatory phenotype in early Alzheimer's disease (2012) Sudduth TL, Schmitt FA, Nelson PT, Wilcock DM Neurobiol Aging. 2012 Oct 9. pii: S0197-4580(12)00468-X
Blood profiling of proteins and steroids during weight maintenance with manipulation of dietary protein level and glycaemic index (2012) Wang P, Holst C, Astrup A, Bouwman FG, van Otterdijk S, Wodzig WK, Andersen MR, van Baak MA, Rasmussen LG, Martinez JA, Jebb SA, Pfeiffer AF, Kafatos A, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Hlavaty P, Saris WH, Mariman EC Br J Nutr. 2012 Jan;107(1):106-19
Safety and efficacy of everolimus, a mTOR inhibitor, as single agent in a phase 1/2 study in patients with myelofibrosis (2011) Guglielmelli P, Barosi G, Rambaldi A, Marchioli R, Masciulli A, Tozzi L, Biamonte F, Bartalucci N, Gattoni E, Lupo ML, Finazzi G, Pancrazzi A, Antonioli E, Susini MC, Pieri L, Malevolti E, Usala E, Occhini U, Grossi A, Caglio S, Paratore S, Bosi A, Barbui T, Vannucchi AM Blood. 2011 Jul 1. [Epub ahead of print]
Association of serum markers with improvement in clinical response measures after treatment with golimumab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite receiving methotrexate: results from the GO-FORWARD study (2010) Visvanathan S, Rahman MU, Keystone E, Genovese M, Klareskog L, Hsia E, Mack M, Buchanan J, Elashoff M, Wagner C Arthritis Res Ther. 12:R211
Identification of distinct plasma biomarker signatures in patients with rapid and slow declining forms of COPD (2010) Devanarayan V, Scholand MB, Hoidal J, Leppert MF, Crackower MA, O'Neill GP, Gervais FG COPD 7: 51-58.
Validation of a Blood-Based Laboratory Test to Aid in the Confirmation of a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia (2010) Schwarz E, Izmailov R, Spain M, Barnes A, Mapes JP, Guest PC, Rahmoune H, Pietsch S, Leweke FM, Rothermundt M, Steiner J, Koethe D, Kranaster L, Ohrmann P, Suslow T, Levin Y, Bogerts B, (JM) van Beveren N, McAllister G, Weber N, Niebuhr D, Cowan D, Yolken RH, Bahn S Biomark Insights5: 39–47.
Lack of a major role of Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin in lower respiratory tract infection in nonhuman primates. (2010) Olsen RJ, Kobayashi SD, Ayeras AA, Ashraf M, Graves SF, Ragasa W, Humbird T, Greaver JL, Cantu C, Swain JL, Jenkins L, Blasdel T, Cagle PT, Gardner DJ, DeLeo FR, Musser JM Am J Pathol 176: 1346-1354.
Bead-based Multiplexed Immunoassays to Identify New Biomarkers in Maternal Serum to Improve First Trimester Down Syndrome Screening. (2009) Koster MP, Pennings JL, Imholz S, Rodenburg W, Visser GH, de Vries A, Schielen PC Prenat Diagn 29: 857-862.
Multianalyte profiling of serum antigens and autoimmune and infectious disease molecules to identify biomarkers dysregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer. (2008) Bertenshaw GP, Yip P, Seshaiah P, Zhao J, Chen TH, Wiggins WS, Mapes JP, Mansfield BC Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 17: 2872-81.