Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (AAT)
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a liver protein that blocks the destructive effects of certain enzymes. AAT deficiency results from a genetic defect and can cause liver disease and emphysema. For example, approximately 75% of adults with a severe AAT deficiency will develop emphysema, which often begins before 40 years of age. Smoking can further increase this risk.
Swiss-Prot Accession Number: P01009
PublicationsDistinct patterns of blood cytokines beyond a cytokine storm predict mortality in COVID-19 (2021) Herr C, Mang S, Mozafari B, Guenther K, Speer T, seibert M, Srikakulam SK, Beisswenger C, Ritzmann F, Keller A, Mueller R, smola S, Eisinger D, Zemlin M, Danziger G, Volk T, Hoersch S, Krawczyk M, Lammert F, Adams T, Wagenpfeil G, Kindermann M, Marcu C, Ataya ZWD, Mittag M, Schwarzkopf K, Custodis F, Grandt D, Schaefer H, Eltges K, Lepper PM, Bals R Journal of Inflammation Research
The effects of rare SERPINA1 variants on lung function and emphysema in SPIROMICS (2020) Ortega VE, Li X, O'Neal WK, Lackey L, Ampleford E, Hawkins GA, Grayeski P, Laederach A, Barjaktarevic I, Barr RG, Cooper C, Douper D, Han MK, Kanner RE, Kleerup EC, Martinez FJ, Paine R III, Peters SP, Pirozzi C, Rennard SI, Woodruff PG, Hoffman EA, Meyers DA, Bleecker ER American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Investigating data-driven biological subtypes of sychiatric disorders using specification-curve analysis (2020) Beijers L, van Loo HM, Romeijn JW, Lamers F, Schoevers RA, Wardenaar KJ Psychological Medicine
Metabolomic analyses reveal lipid abnormalities and hepatic dysfunction in non-human primate model for Yersinia pestis (2019) Gautam A, Muhie S, Cakraborty N, Hoke A, Donohue D, Miller SA, Hammamieh R, Jett M Metabolomics
Increased serum levels of leptin and insulin in both schizophrenia and major depressive disorder: A cross-disorder proteomics analysis (2019) Cakici N, Bot M, Lamers F, Janssen T, van der Haan L, Bahn S, Penninx BWJH, van Beveren NJM European Neuropsychopharmacology
A Machine-Learning Approach to Identify a Prognostic Cytokine Signature That Is Associated With Nivolumab Clearance in Patients With Advanced Melanoma. (2019) Wang R, Shao X, Zheng J, Saci A, Qian X, Pak I, Roy A, Bello A, Rizzo JI, Hosein F, Moss RA, Wind-Rotolo M, Feng Y Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Dendritic cell immunotherapy followed by cART interruption during HIV-1 infection induces plasma protein markers of cellular immunity and neutrophil recruitment (2018) van den Ham HJ, Cooper J, Tomasik J, Bahn S, Aerts J, Oseterhaus A, Gruters R, Andeweg A PLoS One
Key Proteins Involed in Spheroid Formation and Angiogenesis in Endothelial Cells After Long-Term Exposure to Simulated Microgravity (2018) Dittrich A, Grimm D, Sahana J, Bauer J, Kruger M, Infanger M, Magnusson N Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 2018
Synergistic Cytokine Effects as Apremilast Response Predictors in Patients With Psoriasis (2018) Garcet S, Nograles K, Correa da Rosa J, Schafer PH, Krueger JG Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Associations of 26 Circulating Inflammatory and Renal Biomarkers with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Long-term Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography (ATHEROREMO-NIRS Substudy) (2018) Anroedh SS, Akkerhuis KM, Oemrawsingh RM, Garcia-Garcia HM, Brankovic M, Regar E, van Geuns RJ, Serruys PW, Daemen J, Van Mieghem NM, Boersma E, Kardys I Current Atherosclerosis Reports
Serum Apolipoprotein E and Other Inflammatory Markers Can Identify Non-Responding Patients to a Dendritic Cell Vaccine (2018) Leeman H, Kaminska E, Green D, Bodman-Smith M, Gravett A, Bodman-Smith K, Copier J, Coulton G, Fusi A, Dalgleish AG Translational Oncology
Serum proteins mediate depression’s association with dementia (2017) Royall DR, Al-Rubaye S, Bishnoi R, Palmer RF Plos One
Neuronal Pentraxin 2 predicts medial temporal atrophy and memory decline across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum. (2017) Swanson A, Willette AA; Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Brain Behav Immun.
High false-positive rate of a putative biomarker test to aid in the diagnosis of schizophrenia (2016) Wehler CA, Preskorn, SH Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
Effects of Acute Endurance Exercise on Plasma Protein Profiles of Endurance-Trained and Untrained Individuals over Time (2016) Schild M, Eichner G, Beiter T, Zuegel M, Niess AM, Steinacker JM, Mooren FC Mediators of Inflammation
Assessment of Urine Proteomics in Type 1 Primary Hyperoxaluria*American Journal of Nephrology (2016) Brooks ER, Hoppe B, Milliner DS, Salido E, Rim J, Krevitt LM, Olson JB, Price HE, Vural G, Langman CB American Journal of Nephrology
The Pharmacodynamic Impact of Apremilast, an Oral Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, on Circulating Levels of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: Substudy Results From a Phase 3, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial (PALACE 1). (2015) Schafer P, Chen P, Fang L, Wang A, Chopra R. J Immunol Res 2015 Jan 10 [Epub ahead of print]
Biomarkers of rapid chronic kidney disease progression in type 2 diabetes (2015) Looker HC, Colombo M, Hess S, Brosnan MJ, Farran B, Dalton RN, Wong MC, Turner C, Palmer CNA, Nogceke E, Groop L, Salomaa V, Dunger DB, Agakov F, McKeigue PM, Colhoun HM Kidney International
Novel data-mining approach identifies biomarkers for diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (2015) Tremoulet AH, Dutkowski J, Sato Y, Kanegaye JT, Ling XB, Burns JC Pediatr Res.
Serum Proteomic Profiling of Major Depressive Disorder (2015) Bot M, Chan MK, Jansen R, Lamers F, Vogelzangs N, Steiner J, Leweke FM, Rothermundt M, Cooper J, Bahn S, Penninx BWJH Translational Psychiatry
Circulating acute phase proteins in relation to extent and composition of coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular outcome: results from the ATHEROREMO-IVUS study (2014) Battes LC, Akkerhuis KM, Cheng JM, Garcia-Garcia HM, Oemrawsingh RM, de Boer SPM, Reger E, van Geuns R-J, Serruys PW, Boersma E, Kardys I International Journal of Cardiology
A Canonical Transforming Growth Factor Beta-Dependent Signaling Pathway is Present in Peripheral Blood Cells of Cancer Patients with Skeletal Metastasis (2013) Kadam S, Cleverly AL, Farmen M, Grondin J, Cox YI, Lahn M J Mol Biomark Diagn 2013, 4:3
Distinct Molecular Phenotypes in Male and Female Schizophrenia Patients (2013) Ramsey JM, Schwarz E, Guest PC, Van Beveren NJM, Leweke FM, Rothermundt M, Bogerts B, Steiner J, Bahn S PLoS ONE
Blood-Based Protein Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease (2012) Doecke JD, Laws SM, Faux NG, Wilson W, Burnham SC, Lam CP, Mondal A, Bedo J, Bush AI, Brown B, De Ruyck K, Ellis KA, Fowler C, Gupta VB, Head R, Macaulay SL, Pertile K, Rowe CC, Rembach A, Rodrigues M, Rumble R, Szoeke C, Taddei K, Taddei T, Trounson B, Ames D, Masters CL, Martins RN; for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and Australian Imaging Biomarker and Lifestyle Research Group Arch Neurol. 2012 Jul 16:1-8
Plasma Based Markers of [(11)C] PiB-PET Brain Amyloid Burden (2012) Kiddle SJ, Thambisetty M, Simmons A, Riddoch-Contreras J, Hye A, Westman E, Pike I, Ward M, Johnston C, Lupton MK, Lunnon K, Soininen H, Kloszewska I, Tsolaki M, Vellas B, Mecocci P, Lovestone S, Newhouse S, Dobson R; for the Alzheimers Disease Neuroimaging Initiative PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44260.
Screening for New Biomarkers for Subcortical Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease (2011) Öhrfelt A, Andreasson U, Simon A, Zetterberg H, Edman A, Potter W, Holder D, Devanarayan V, Seeburger J, Smith AD, Blennow K, Wallin A Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 1: 31–42.
A novel detection method of non-small cell lung cancer using multiplexed bead-based serum biomarker profiling (2011) Lee HJ, Kim YT, Park PJ, Shin YS, Kang KN, Kim Y, Kim CW J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011 Nov 18. [Epub ahead of print]
Biomarker analysis of Morquio syndrome: Identification of disease state and drug responsive markers (2011) Martell L, Lau K, Mei M, Burnett V, Decker C, Foehr ED Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 2011, 6:84
Comprehensive serum profiling for the discovery of epithelial ovarian cancer biomarkers (2011) Yip P, Chen TH, Seshaiah P, Stephen LL, Michael-Ballard KL, Mapes JP, Mansfield BC, Bertenshaw GP PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e29533. Epub 2011 Dec 21
Safety and efficacy of everolimus, a mTOR inhibitor, as single agent in a phase 1/2 study in patients with myelofibrosis (2011) Guglielmelli P, Barosi G, Rambaldi A, Marchioli R, Masciulli A, Tozzi L, Biamonte F, Bartalucci N, Gattoni E, Lupo ML, Finazzi G, Pancrazzi A, Antonioli E, Susini MC, Pieri L, Malevolti E, Usala E, Occhini U, Grossi A, Caglio S, Paratore S, Bosi A, Barbui T, Vannucchi AM Blood. 2011 Jul 1. [Epub ahead of print]
Association of serum markers with improvement in clinical response measures after treatment with golimumab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite receiving methotrexate: results from the GO-FORWARD study (2010) Visvanathan S, Rahman MU, Keystone E, Genovese M, Klareskog L, Hsia E, Mack M, Buchanan J, Elashoff M, Wagner C Arthritis Res Ther. 12:R211
Identification of distinct plasma biomarker signatures in patients with rapid and slow declining forms of COPD (2010) Devanarayan V, Scholand MB, Hoidal J, Leppert MF, Crackower MA, O'Neill GP, Gervais FG COPD 7: 51-58.
Validation of a Blood-Based Laboratory Test to Aid in the Confirmation of a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia (2010) Schwarz E, Izmailov R, Spain M, Barnes A, Mapes JP, Guest PC, Rahmoune H, Pietsch S, Leweke FM, Rothermundt M, Steiner J, Koethe D, Kranaster L, Ohrmann P, Suslow T, Levin Y, Bogerts B, (JM) van Beveren N, McAllister G, Weber N, Niebuhr D, Cowan D, Yolken RH, Bahn S Biomark Insights5: 39–47.
Human cytokine response to Texas crotaline envenomation before and after antivenom administration. (2010) Crocker P, Zad O, Milling T, Maxson T, King B, Whorton E Am J Emerg Med. 28: 871-9.
Dysregulated macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 expression drives illness in bacterial superinfection of influenza. (2010) Zavitz CC, Bauer CM, Gaschler GJ, Fraser KM, Strieter RM, Hogaboam CM, Stampfli MR J Immunol 184: 2001-2013.
A Dual-Platform Proteomics Study of Plasma Biomarkers in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass. (2010) Umstead TM, Lu CJ, Freeman WM, Myers JL, Clark JB, Thomas NJ, Chinchilli VM, Vrana KE, Undar A, Phelps DS Pediatr Res 67: 641-9.